contents
Chapter1. Present Status of Environment
1-1 Present Status of Environmental Pollution
1-2 Natural Environment at Present
Chapter 2. Close Relations of Society and Economy with Environment
2-1 Consumption and Environment
2-2 Production and Environment
2-2-1 Importance of Environmental Loads Arising from Production Activities
2-2-2 Dimensions of Environmental Loads Generated from Individual Production Activities
2-2-3 Effects on Production Activities of Environmental Loads Generated from Consumer Activities
2-2-4 Efforts to Reduce Environmental Loads from Production Activities
2-3-1 Impacts of Trade on Environment
2-3-2 Impacts of Environmental Policy on Trade
2-3-3 Present State of Efforts for Complementary Environmental and Trade Policy Measures
Chapter 3. New Ideals and Responsibilities for Coexistence with Environment
3-1-1 Framework of Industry and Nation After Establishment of Citizens' Society
3-1-2 Postwar Japan's Environmental Policy
3-1-3 Post-WWII Economic Development and Environmental Conservation System
3-1-4 Enactment Basic Law for Environmental Measures and Law for Conservation of Natural Environment
3-2 Responsibilities for Spaceship Earth and Searching for Social Framework
3-2-1 Changes in Environmental Issues and Causative Factors
3-2-2 Image of Economic Community Desired
3-2-3 Aiming at New Framework for Environmental Conservation
3-3 Earth Summit's Achievements and Future Implementation
3-3-1 Backdrop and Preparatory Phase of Earth Summit
3-3-2 Achievements of Earth Summit
Chapter 4. New Role-sharing and Cooperation for coexistence with Environment
4-1 Increasingly Important Burden-sharing and Cooperation
4-1-1 Impediments to Solution of Problems
4-1-2 Measures Against Air Pollution by Nitrogen Oxides in Major Cities
4-1-3 Water Quality Conservation of Closed Waters
4-1-4 Recycling for Drops in Environmental Loads
4-1-5 Measures for Protection of Pristine Nature and Wildlife
4-1-7 Measures on Chemicals Used in the Past
Chapter 5. Comprehensive Promotion of Environmental Administration
5-1 On the Bill of the Basic Environment Law
5-2 Conceptual Framework of Environmental Conservation Related Budgets, Etc.
5-2-1 Outline of Budget and Financial Loans and Investment
5-2-2 Environmental Conservation -Related Budgets
5-2-3 Financial Loans and Investments
5-2-4 Tax Measures on Loans and Subsidies for Environmental Pollution, Etc.
5-2-5 Sharing by Entrepreneurs of Environmental Pollution Prevention Project Outlays
5-3 Environmental Impacts Assessment
5-4 Community-Oriented Environmental Conservation
5-4-1 Environmental Management
5-4-2 Building of Comfortable Communities sensitive to the Environment
5-5 Pollution Prevention Programs
5-5-1 Outline of Pollution Prevention Programs
5-5-2 Formulation of Pollution Prevention Programs in Fiscal 1992
5-5-3 Present Status of Implementation of Pollution Prevention Programs
5-6 Environmental Conservation Measures for High Technology Industries
5-7-1 Measures on Chemical Substances
5-7-2 General Inspections and Surveys on Safety of Chemical substances
5-7-4 Outline of Environmental Surveys on Unintentionally Created Chemical Pollutants
5-8 Environmental Conservation Measures in Land Utilization
5-9 Publication Information on, and Education in, Environmental Conservation
5-10 Understanding Conditions at Local Environment
Chapter 6. Air Pollution, Noise, Vibration and Offensive Odors--Present State and Measures
6-1 Present State of Air Pollution
6-2 Measures Against Air Pollutants
6-2-3 Suspended Particulate Matter
6-2-4 Measures Against Air Pollution Caused by Studded Tires
6-3 Development of Monitoring and Surveillance System
6-4 Transportation Pollution--Present State and Measures
6-4-2 Measures Against Road Traffic Pollution
6-4-3 Measures Against Aircraft Noise
6-4-4 Measures Against Noise and Vibration of Shinkansen Trains
6-5 Noise--Present State and Measures
6-6 Vibration--Present State and Measures
6-7 Offensive Odors--Present State and Measures
Chapter 7. Water Pollution--Present Situation and Measures
7-1 Water Pollution--Present Situations and Factors
7-3 Measures for Prevention of Water Pollution
7-3-1 Establishment of Environmental Quality Standards
7-3-2 Strengthening of Effluent Controls
7-3-3 Measures Against Household Effluents
7-3-4 Development of Sewage Systems
7-3-5 Development of Surveillance and Monitoring Systems
7-3-7 Water Pollution Control Measures Associated with Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
7-4 Water Conservation Measures for Closed Waters
7-4-1 Promotion of Areawide Total Pollutant Load Controls
7-4-2 Measures for Conservation of Lake and Reservoir Environment
7-4-3 Measures Against Eutrophication
7-4-4 Measures for Conservation of the Seto Inland Sea Environment
7-5 Groundwater Pollution--Present State and Countermeasures
7-6 Marine Pollution--Present State and Countermeasures
7-6-1 Present State of Marine Pollution
7-6-2 Marine Pollution Prevention Measures
Chapter 8. Other Pollution--Present State and Measures
8-1 Wastes Disposal--Present State and Counter Measures
8-2 Ground Subsidence--Present State and Counter Measures
8-3 Soil Pollution--Present State and Counter Measures
8-4 Pollution by Agricultural Chemicals--Present State and Counter measures
8-4-1 Present State of Pollution by Agricultural Chemicals
8-4-2 Countermeasures for Pollution by Agricultural Chemicals
Chapter 9. Promotion of Environmental Health Measures
9-1 Compensation and Prevention of Pollution-Related Health Damage
9-1-1 System of Compensation and Prevention of Pollution-Related Health Damage
9-2 Surveys and Research on Environmental Health
9-2-1 Adverse health effects of Air Pollution
9-2-2 Research on the adverse health effects of substances (such as Cadmium)
Chapter 10. Settlement of Pollution Disputes and Handling of Pollution Offenses
10-1 Settlement of Pollution Disputes and Grievances About Pollution
10-1-1 Settlement of Pollution Disputes
10-1-2 Disposition of Grievances About Environmental Pollution
10-2 Controls on Environmental Pollution Offenses
Chapter 11. Conservation of Natural Environment
11-1 Comprehensive Promotion of Measures for Conservation of Natural Environment
11-1-1 The National Survey on the Natural Environment
11-1-2 Increasing Awareness of Nature Conservation and Promoting of Nature Education
11-2 Conservation of Natural Parks
11-2-1 Conservation of Nature Conservation Areas.
11-2-2 Protection of Nature in Nature Conservation Areas.
11-2-3 Designation of Natural Parks and Review of Park Schemes
11-4-1 Promotion of Endangered Species Protection
11-4-2 Measures for Protection and Control of Wildlife
11-4-4 Propagation and Enhancement of Understandings About Protection of Wildlife
11-4-5 Promotion of Conservation and Management of Fishery Resources
11-5 Provision of Facilities for Communing with Nature
11-5-1 Provision of Natural Park Facilities
11-5-2 Provision of Facilities for Recreation and Communion with Nature
11-6 Conservation and Development of the Natural Environment, in Urban Areas
11-6-1 Conservation of Natural Environment in Urban Areas
11-6-2 Protection of Cultural Properties and Protection of Historic Environments
11-7 Maintenance of the Environment for Rivers, Ports and Harbors, Fishing Ports and Seacoasts
11-7-1 Maintenance of the River Environment
11-7-2 Maintenance of the Harbors Environment
11-8 Greening Promotion Campaigns
Chapter 12. Global Environment and International Environmental Cooperation
12-1 Global Environment issues
12-1-1 Measures to arrest Global Warming
12-1-4 Conservation of Forests, Particularly Tropical Forests
12-1-6 Measures for Conservation of Marine Environment
12-1-7 Trans Boundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes
12-1-8 Prevention of Desertification
12-1-9 Efforts against Environmental Pollution in Developing Countries
12-2 Endeavors of International Organizations
12-2-1 Achievement of the Earth Summit
12-2-2 Activities of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Etc.
12-2-3 Activities of the Organization for Econoric Cooperation and Development (OECD)
12-3 International Cooperation under Other Treaties and Agreements
12-4 Environmental Cooperation with Developing Countries.
12-4-1 Official Development Assistance and Other Forms of Cooperation
12-4-2 Roles of the Private Secter
12-4-3 Environmental Considerations in Official Development Assistance
12-5 Surveys and Researches on Global Environment
12-6 Overseas Public Information
13-1 Research by National Institute for Environmental Studies
13-2 Surveys and Research on Environment Conservation
13-2-1 Surveys and Research at Present
13-2-2 Environmental Research and Studies by National Institutions
14-1 Upgrading Precision of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
14-2 Training Government Officials in Charge of Environmental Protection
14-3 Health Measures, Etc. At Schools
14-4 Environment Conservation by Local Governments
14-4-1 Organizations and Staff Officials in Charge of Environmental Administration
14-4-3 Conclusion of Environmental Pollution Prevention Agreements
14-4-4 Subsidization of Installation of Environmental Pollution Prevention Facilities
14-5 Environmental Pollution Prevention Systems in the Private Sector