Air & Transportation

Regulatory Measures against Air Pollutants Emitted from Factories and Business Sites and the Outline of Regulation

Latest Amendment on April 10, 1998

Soot and smoke （details）

Name of substance	（details） Sulfur oxides (Sox)
Main form of generation	Combustion of fuel and minerals in boilers and waste incinerators
Form and outline of regulation	1) The regulatory value (quantity) is set according to the height of the exhaust outlet (He) and the value of the constant, K, designated at each area. Permissible emission (Nm³/h) = K * 10^-3 * He² General emission standard: K=3.0 - 17.5 Special emission standard: K=1.17 - 2.34 2) Fuel use standard Sulfur in fuel is set at each area. Sulfur content: Under 0.5 - 1.2 % 3) Regulation of total emission It is set at each area/factory based on the total emission reduction plan. （details）
Name of substance	Soot and dust
Main form of generation	Same as above, and the use of an electric furnace
Form and outline of regulation	Emission standard for each facility/scale (concentration) General emission standard: 0.04 - 0.7 g/Nm³ Special emission standard: 0.03 - 0.2 g/Nm³ （details）
Name of substance	Harmful substance / Cadmium (Cd), Cadmium compounds
Main form of generation	Combustion or chemical treatment at a copper, zinc or lead refinery.
Form and outline of regulation	Emission standard for each facility 1.0 mg/Nm³ （details）
Name of substance	Harmful substance / Chlorine (Cl2), Hydrogen chloride (HCl)
Main form of generation	Combustion or chemical treatment at chemical product reaction facilities or a waste incinerator
Form and outline of regulation	Emission standard for each facility Chlorine: 30 mg/Nm³ Hydrogen chloride: 80,700 mg/Nm³
Name of substance	Harmful substance / Fluorine (F), Hydrogen fluoride (HF), etc.
Main form of generation	Combustion or chemical treatment at an electric furnace for aluminum refinement or a fusion furnace for glass production
Form and outline of regulation	Emission standard for each facility 1.0 - 20 mg/Nm³ （details）
Name of substance	Harmful substance / Lead (Pb), Lead compounds
Main form of generation	Combustion or chemical treatment at copper, zinc or lead refining facilities
Form and outline of regulation	Emission standard for each facility 10 - 30 mg/Nm³ （details）
Name of substance	Harmful substance / Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
Main form of generation	Combustion, synthesis or degradation in a boiler or a waste incinerator
Form and outline of regulation	1) Emission standard for each facility/scale New facilities: 60 - 400 ppm Existing facilities: 130 - 600 ppm 2) Regulation of total emission It is set at each area/factory based on the total emission reduction plan. （details）

Dust

Name of substance	General dust
Main form of generation	Comminution/selection, mechanical treatment, accumulation at a sieve or an accumulation site
Form and outline of regulation	Standard regarding the structure, use and administration of facilities Installation of a dust collector, a dust protection cover, or a hood; Water spray （details）
Name of substance	Designated dust (asbestos)
Main form of generation	Comminution of asbestos with a cutter, mixing and other mechanical treatment	Dismantling/reconstruction/repair of a building with sprayed asbestos
Form and outline of regulation	Site boundary standard at the business site Concentration 10 fibers/liter （details）	Standard regarding removal/enclosure/containment at the time of dismantling the building （details）

Specific substances

Name of substance	（details） Specific substances (28 substances such as ammonia, carbon monoxide, methanol)
Main form of generation	Accident such as disorder/damage to facilities
Form and outline of regulation	Measures in case of an accident Duty of the company for restoration Notification to the prefectual governor

Hazardous air pollutants

Name of substance	hazardous air pollutants (Air pollutants which are liable to advercely affect human health through long-term exposure) 234 substances (groups) are suspected to be hazardous air pollutants of these, 22 substances are "substances requiring priority action to be tackled by priority."
Main form of generation	（details）
Form and outline of regulation	Responsibilities for each subject such as the accumulation of knowledge Voluntary efforts of companies and people to reduce emission, the development of scientific knowledge by the nation, grasping the condition of pollution by self-governing bodies
Name of substance	Specific substances / Benzene
Main form of generation	Facilities for drying benzene
Form and outline of regulation	Suppression standard for each facility/scale New facilities: 50 - 600 mg/Nm³ Existing facilities: 100 - 1500 mg/Nm³ （details）
Name of substance	Specific substances / Trichloroethylene
Main form of generation	Cleaning facilities using trichloroethylene
Form and outline of regulation	Suppression standard for each facility/scale New facilities: 150 - 300 mg/Nm³ Existing facilities: 300 - 500 mg/Nm³ （details）
Name of substance	Specific substances / Tetrachloroethylene
Main form of generation	Dry cleaning facilities using tetrachloroethylene
Form and outline of regulation	Suppression standard for each facility/scale New facilities: 150 - 300 mg/Nm³ Existing facilities: 300 - 500 mg/Nm³ （details）
Name of substance	Dioxins based Law concerning special Measures against Dioxins
Main form of generation	Waste incinerators, Electric steel-making furnaces, Sintering facilities for steel industry, Facilities for collecting zinc, Facilities for manufacturing aluminum base alloy
Form and outline of regulation	Suppression standard for each facility/scale New facilities: 0.1 - 5 ng-TEQ/Nm³ Existing facilities: 2.0 - 80 ng-TEQ/Nm³ (-'02.12) 1.0 - 10 ng-TEQ/Nm³ ('02.12-) （details）

*For soot and dust and harmful substances, the prefecture can set stricter standards by ordiance than those of the nation .
*For the above standards, it is necessary to make modifications any time there are changes in the condition of air pollution, the effect of measures, changes in the industrial structure and the sources of air pollution, the development/spread of anti-pollution technology, etc.
*ppm = 10^-6, ng = 10^-9g