contents
Chapter1. Environmental Issues In The Globalization Era
I. Expanding Scope of Environmental Problems
1. Trends in Japan in the World Over the Global Environment
2. Expanding Scope of Global Environmental Problems
3. Global Environment Issue as Interaction of Various Environmental Problems
II. Energy and the Environment
1. Environmental Problems in Energy Consumption
2. Structure for Energy Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Emission
4. Working for Shift to Environment Conserving Type Energy Use
III. Forest Resources and Environment
1. Diversified Values of Forests and Issues on Development and Utilization
2. Japan's Ties with Forest Resources
3. Approach to Pertinent Forest Management
4. Future Policy Evolution for Sustainable Utilization of Forest Resources
Chapter2. Toward Actions Friendly To The Earth--Starting With Things Around Us
I. Comprehensive Policy Response and Leadership--the State's Role
1. Formulation of Basic Strategy and Comprehensive Promotion of Policy
2. Drastic Strengthening of Energy-and Resource-saving Measures
3. Integration of Environmental Conservation with Economic Policy
4. Enhancement of the People's Consciousness and Establishment of Environment Ethics
II. From Communities to the Globe--Approach by Local Governments
1. City Planning Friendly to the Environment
4. Offer of Information to Residents, Enhancement of Consciousness and Support to NGOs
III. Private Responsibilities and Their Contributions
1. To Understand Relations Between Their Own Corporate Performance and Global Environment Issues
3. To Develop Environmental Technology
5. To Evolve Activities Positively Contributing to Conservation of the Environment
IV. Grass-roots Movement--Global Citizens' Role
1. To Deepen Recognition of Issues on the Environment
2. To Reduce Loads on the Environment in the Daily Life
3. Positive Participation in Activities for Environmental Conservation
V. Aid to Developing Countries for Sustainable Development
2. Stepping up Future Government-Based Cooperation in Environmental Issues
3. Environmental Cooperation by Local Governments and in Private Sector
Chapter3. Present State of the Environment
I. Present State of Environmental Pollution
II. Present Situation of Natural Environment
Chapter4. Comprehensive Promotion Of Environment Administration
I. Budget for Environment Conservation
1. Outline of Budget, Financial Investments and Loans
2. Budget for Environment Conservation
3. Loan, Subsidy and Tax Measures for Pollution Prevention, Etc.
4. Allocation of Costs for Pollution Prevention Projects by Entrepreneurs
II. Environmental Impact Assessment
III. Community-Rooted Environment Conservation
1. Promotion of Environmental Management
2. Promotion of Building of Amenity Areas and Friendly to the Environment
IV. Environmental Pollution Control Programs
1. Outline of Environmental Pollution Control Programs
2. Formulation of Environmental Pollution Control Programs for Fifth Set of Areas
3. Promotion of Implementation of Environmental Pollution Control Programs, Etc.
V. Environment Protection Against Impacts of High Technology
1. Promotion of Measures on Safety of Chemicals
2. Comprehensive Environmental Survey on Safety of Chemicals
3. Outline of Survey on Residue of Designated Chemical Substances in the Environment
4. Outline of Survey on Non-intentionally-Generated Chemical Substances in the Environment
VII. Environment Conservation in Land Utilization
VIII. Public Information and Education
Chapter5. Air Pollution, Noise, Vibration, Offensive Odor--Present State And Measures
I. Present State of Air Pollution
II .Measures Against Various Air Pollutants
1. Measures Against Sulfur Oxides Pollution
2. Measures Against Nitrogen Dioxides Pollution
3. Measures Against Particulate Matter
III. Development of Monitoring System
IV. Traffic Pollution--Present State and Measures
5-4 Pollution Prevention Programs
5-4-1 Outline of Pollution Prevention Programs
5-4-2 Formulation of Pollution Prevention Programs in Fiscal 1991
5-4-3 Present Status of Implementation of Pollution Prevention Programs
V. Noise--Present State and Measures
VI .Vibration--Present State and Measures
VII. Offensive Odors--Present State and Measures
Chapter6. Water Pollution--Present State And Measures
I. Water Pollution--Present State and Cause of Pollution
II. Damage Caused by Water Pollution
III. Prevention of Water Pollution
1. Establishment of Environmental Quality Standards
2. Strengthening of Controls on Effluence.
3. Miscellaneous Household Effluent
lV. Conservation of Water Quality of Closed Water Areas
V. Groundwater Pollution--Present State and Measures
VI. Marine Pollution-Present State and Measures
Chapter7. Other Pollution--Present State And Measures
I. Present State of Waste Treatment and Measures
III. Soil Pollution--Present State of Pollution and Improvement Measures IV .Pollution by Agricultural Chemicals--Present State and Measures Chapter8. Environmental Health Measures I. Compensation and Prevention of Pollution-Related Health Damage II. Surveys and Researches on Environmental Health 1. Surveys and Researches on Health Impacts by Air Pollution 2. Surveys and Researches on Health Effects by Cadmium, Etc. I. Environmental Pollution Disputes and Grievances about Environmental Pollution II. Environmental Pollution Offenses Chapter10. Conservation Of Natural Environment I. Comprehensive Promotion of Measures for Conservation of Natural Environment 1. Basic Survey on Conservation of Natural Environment 2. Designation of Areas for Conservation of Natural Environment II. Conservation of Natural Parks 1. Designation of Natural Parks and Review of Park Programs 2. Protection of Nature in Natural Parks 3. Purchase of Privately-owned Land for Conservation Of Nature 4. Protection and Appropriate Utilization of Natural Parks and Nearby Nature IV .Conservation of Natural Environment in Forests V .Nature Conservation in Urban Areas and Cultural and Historic Environment 1. Nature Conservation in Urban Areas 2. Conservation of Cultural Properties and Historic Environment VI. Sound Utilization of Natural Environment 1. Hot Springs, Rest Facilities and Outdoor Activity Facility Areas VII. Greening Movement Evolution of Greening Movement Chapter11. Surveys And Researches On Environment Protection I .Studies by National Institute for Environmental Studies II. Surveys and Researches on Environment Protection 1. Surveys and Researches at Present 2. Environmental Researches and Studies by National Institutions Chapter12. Promotion Of International Grappling With Environment Conservation I. Grappling Questions on Global Environment II. Bilateral Cooperation Under Conventions, Etc. III. Environmental Cooperation with Developing Countries IV. Promotion of Public Information Overseas, Etc. Chapter13. Environmental Protection By Local Governments And Private Sector I. Environment Protection by Local Governments II. System for Prevention of Environmental Pollution in Private Sector Appendix1. Organization and Functions of the Environment Agency 2. Administrative Responsibilities 4. Administrative Responsibilities of the Bureaus 1. Ambient Air Quality Standards 2. Environmental Quality Standards for Noise 3. Environmental Water Quality Standards (Dec. 28, 1971, Amendments 1974, 1975, 1982, 1985) 4. National Emission Standards 5. National Effluent Standards (June 21, 1971; Amendments 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1981, 1985, 1986)