Submission of Japan's Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC)

Submission of Japan's Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC)

• Japan's INDC towards post-2020 GHG emission reductions is at the level of a reduction of 26.0% by fiscal year (FY) 2030 compared to FY 2013 (25.4% reduction compared to FY 2005) (approximately 1.042 billion t-CO₂eq. as 2030 emissions), ensuring consistency with its energy mix[1], set as a feasible reduction target by bottom-up calculation with concrete policies, measures and individual technologies taking into adequate consideration, inter alia, technological and cost constraints, and set based on the amount of domestic emission reductions and removals assumed to be obtained.

Information to facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding

Base years:

FY 2013 and FY 2005; FY 2013 is the base year mainly used for presenting Japan's INDC.

Target year: Japan's FY 2030

Period for implementation：from April 1, 2021 to March 31, 2031 (FY 2021 to FY 2030)

Scope (Sectors, Gases, Coverage)

Sectors: All sectors and categories encompassing the following:

(a) Energy

-Fuel Combustion (Energy industries, Manufacturing industries and Construction, Transport, Commercial/Institutional, Residential, Agriculture/Forestry/Fishing, and Other)

-Fugitive emissions from fuels

-CO₂ transport and storage

(b) Industrial processes and product use

(c) Agriculture

(d) Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF)

(e) Waste

Gases: CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, HFCs, PFCs, SF₆ and NF₃

Coverage: 100%

GHG emissions and removals

1. GHG emissions reductions

(1) Energy-Originated CO₂

　　Approximately 90% of GHG emissions in Japan is covered by energy-originated CO₂. Emissions of energy-originated CO₂ will be reduced by 25.0% compared to FY 2013 level (24.0% reduction compared to FY 2005 level) (approximately 927 million t-CO₂). The estimated emissions in FY 2030 in each sector are shown in Table 1.

Table 1　Estimated emissions of energy-originated CO₂ in each sector

［Value：million t-CO₂］

(2) Non-energy originated CO₂

　　The target is set as 6.7% reduction compared to FY 2013 level (17.0% reduction compared to FY 2005 level) (approximately 70.8 million t-CO₂).

(3) Methane

　　The target is set as 12.3% reduction compared to FY 2013 level (18.8% reduction compared to FY 2005 level) (approximately 31.6 million t-CO₂eq.).

(4) Nitrous oxide

　　The target is set as 6.1% reduction compared to FY 2013 level (17.4% reduction compared to FY 2005 level) (approximately 21.1 million t-CO₂eq.).

(5) Fluorinated gases (HFCs, PFCs, SF₆ and NF₃)

　　The target is set as 25.1% reduction compared to Calendar Year(CY) 2013 level (4.5% increase compared to CY 2005 level) (approximately 28.9 million t-CO₂eq.).

2．Removals by LULUCF

　The target for removals is set as approximately 37 million t-CO₂ (corresponding to 2.6% reduction of total emissions in FY 2013 (corresponding to 2.6% reduction of total emissions in FY 2005)) (approximately 27.8 million t-CO₂ by forest carbon sinks measures (corresponding to 2.0% of total emissions in FY 2013 (corresponding to 2.0% reduction of total emissions in FY 2005)), and approximately 9.1 million t-CO₂ by cropland management, grazing land management and revegetation (corresponding to 0.6% reduction of total emissions in FY 2013 (corresponding to 0.7% reduction of total emissions in FY 2005))).

3．JCM and other international contributions

　Japan establishes and implements the JCM in order both to appropriately evaluate contributions from Japan to GHG emission reductions or removals in a quantitative manner achieved through the diffusion of low carbon technologies, products, systems, services, and infrastructure as well as implementation of mitigation actions in developing countries, and to use them to achieve Japan's emission reduction target. Apart from contributions achieved through private-sector based projects, accumulated emission reductions or removals by FY 2030 through governmental JCM programs to be undertaken within the government's annual budget are estimated to be ranging from 50 to 100 million t-CO₂. As part of international contributions other than the JCM, worldwide emission reduction potential in FY 2030 through the diffusion of leading technologies by Japanese industries' actions is estimated to be at least 1 billion t-CO₂.

　Japan will also actively contribute internationally towards, inter alia, human resource development and promotion of development and diffusion of technologies relating to emission reductions in developing countries.

○Japan's INDC [PDF 243KB]