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APEIS > Implementation |
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| Implementation Plan for the First Phase
(FY2002-2004) of Asia-Pacific Environmental Innovation Strategy Project |
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30-31 March, 2003
Second Research Coordination Committee of APEIS
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| 1. |
OBJECTIVES |
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The major objectives of the Asia-Pacific Environmental
Innovation Strategy Project (APEIS) are as follows: |
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To develop scientific knowledge-based
tools and innovative strategy options to promote informed
decision-making for sustainable development, for the
use of policy makers in the Asia-Pacific region as a
common asset |
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To promote regional cooperation and capacity
building, so as to enable Asia-Pacific countries to
formulate and implement their own policies for environmental
management and protection that take into account their
national circumstances, making use of the scientific
tools and options developed, through participation and
collaboration in the Project |
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APEIS is a concrete regional initiative to realize,
in particular, the following part of the Plan of Implementation
for the World Summit on Sustainable Development: |
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110. Assist developing countries, through international
cooperation, to enhance their capacity in their efforts to
address issues pertaining to environmental protection including
in their formulation and implementation of policies for environmental
management and protection, including through urgent actions
at all levels to: |
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| (a) |
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Improve their use of science and technology
for environmental monitoring, assessment models, accurate
database and integrated information systems; |
| (b) |
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Promote and, where appropriate, improve
their use of satellite technologies for quality data
collection, verification and updating and further improvement
of aerial and ground-based observations, in support
of their efforts to collect quality, accurate, long-term,
consistent and reliable data; |
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| 2. |
SCOPE AND RESEARCH OUTLINE |
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APEIS is composed of three sub-projects, namely
the Integrated Environmental Monitoring (IEM), Integrated Environmental
Assessment (IEA) and Research on Innovative and Strategic Policy
Options (RISPO) sub-projects, and support functions including
networking and capacity building, and information sharing and
outreach. These activities are all linked and collectively provide
a range of information that assists formulation and implementation
of policies for environmental management and protection. Synergies
are expected to arise between these sub-projects - monitoring
data produced by IEM will be used for model verification and
simulation of IEA - while integrated models developed by IEA
will be used to quantitatively assess the effects of innovative
strategy options proposed by RISPO. |
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The aim of the IEM sub-project is to develop an
integrated environmental monitoring system, that can cover the
entire Asia-Pacific region, mainly by using the MODIS (Moderate
Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) sensor mounted on the EOS (Earth
Observation System)-Terra satellite, and through cooperative
research with countries in the region. The sub-project consists
of the following components: |
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Establishment of a network of satellite
data receiving stations and analytical systems for MODIS
data that covers the Asia-Pacific region. |
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Development of a ground-truth observation
network for various ecosystem types to validate satellite
remote sensing data in the Asia-Pacific region |
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Integrated monitoring of environmental disasters
such as dust storms, transboundary air pollution, floods,
marine pollution and oil spills, forest fires, and so
forth |
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Integrated monitoring of environmental indices
and degradation such as desertification, salinization
and deforestation as well as land use and land cover changes |
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Development of an integrated model to simulate
water, heat and carbon cycles coupled with terrestrial
processes and plant productivity at the regional and watershed
scale |
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Exploration of options for sustainable catchment
management by using the above tools and knowledge |
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The aims of the IEA sub-project are to provide
integrated models of the environment and economy, as well as
a strategic database to assess the current and future interactions
between economic development and environmental changes, and
to predict the effects of strategic policy options. This sub-project
consists of the following components: |
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Development of a set of integrated assessment
models including environment-economy models (AIM/Trend
and AIM/CGE), ecosystem/health impact models (AIM/Ecosystem
and AIM/Water), a material/recycle-economy model (AIM/Material)
and an energy technology model (AIM/Energy) based on the
achievements of an existing computer simulation model
development project (the Asia-Pacific Integrated Model
(AIM) project) |
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Development of indicators and a strategic
database comprised of the fundamental database, index
base, model base and strategy option base, which will
be systematically linked to each other and readily available
for policy making |
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Assessment of the current conditions and
possible future changes of the environment and economy,
and the quantitative effects and implications of proposed
innovative strategy options |
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The aims of the RISPO sub-project are to propose
innovative and strategic policy options, and to formulate a
Good Practices Inventory that provides knowledge-based tools
for informed decision making by examining information about
successful or unsuccessful practices collected through field-based
case studies. This sub-project consists of the following components: |
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Conducting of field-based case studies in
selected countries to formulate the Good Practices Inventory
and possible strategic policy options in such categories
of innovation as promoting eco- markets and industry,
developing innovative urban systems, appropriately using
community resources, and networking stakeholders for action. |
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Development of the Good Practices Inventory
from the data obtained through case studies mentioned
above and from other existing projects such as Global
Environment Facility (GEF) projects |
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Proposal of Strategic Policy Options based
on analyzing the practices and instruments compiled in
the Good Practices Inventory. |
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Implementation of pilot projects on selected
issues and sites, in order to examine the effects, feasibility
and applicability of the strategic policy options. |
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| 3. |
PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATIONS |
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The following research institutes in the region
are currently working on various aspects of the APEIS sub-projects.
The process of involving other research institutes is ongoing. |
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| IEM |
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Earth Observation Centre, CSIRO (Australia);
Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources
Research, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) (China); Chinese
Ecosystem Research Network, CAS (China); Xinjiang Institute
of Ecology and Geography, CAS (China); National Institute
for Environmental Studies (NIES) (Japan); National University
of Singapore (Singapore) |
| IEA |
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Energy Research Institute (ERI), State Development
Planning Commission (China); Institute of Geographical
Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS (China);
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (India); NIES
(Japan); Kyoto University (Japan); Universiti Putra Malaysia
(Malaysia); Korea Environment Institute (Republic of Korea);
Sangmyung University (Republic of Korea); Asian Institute
of Technology (Thailand) |
| RISPO |
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Bangladesh Resource Centre for Indigenous
Knowledge (BARCIK) (Bangladesh); ERI (China); The University
Hong Kong (China); Department of Forests, Government of
Uttranchal (India); Tata Energy Research Institute (TERI)
(India ); Indonesian Ecotourism Network, RMI, (Indonesia);
University of Gadjah Mada (Indonesia);University of Indonesia
(Indonesia); Institute for Global Environmental Strategies
(IGES) (Japan); Sustainable Society Promotion Center (Japan);
Management Association of the Philippines (the Philippines);
Korea Environment Institute (KEI) (Republic of Korea);
Kasetsart University (Thailand ); Mahidol University (Thailand
); National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
(BIOTEC) (Thailand ); Thailand Environment Institute (TEI)
(Thailand); Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) (Thailand);
Vietnam National University (Vietnam); and UNEP Collaborating
Centre on Energy and Environment (UCCEE). The research
teams are receiving advice from the scholars of: Kyoto
University (Japan); NIES (Japan); Rikkyo University (Japan);
Yokohama National University (Japan); and the Mountain
Institute (U.S.A.). |
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Environmental ministers and senior officials in
the region, as well as representatives of international organizations
have been participating in the supervisory bodies of APEIS,
including the Environment Congress for Asia and the Pacific
(ECO ASIA) and the ECO ASIA Panel. International research networks
and institutions, including the Asia-Pacific Network for Global
Change Research (APN) and the Institute of Advanced Studies
of the United Nations University (UNU/IAS), are strong partners
working with APEIS. |
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| 4. |
EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF THE FIRST PHASE
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APEIS intends to produce two types of products
- "knowledge-based tools for decision- making" and
"priority strategy options." They will be developed
through close collaboration between scientific activities and
policy makers in order to meet the needs of policy makers. In
the first phase, these products will deal with selected issues
and countries.
Specific products of APEIS with respect to knowledge-based tools
include the following: |
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Monitoring methodologies and networks that
cover environmental disasters and degradation, and make
full use of satellite technologies |
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A set of assessment models (an environment-economy
model, an ecosystem/health impact model, a water resource/agriculture
model, a material/recycle-economy model and an energy
technology model) that enable integrated assessment of
interactions relating to environmental degradation, abatement
and development policies, and socioeconomic impacts |
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Strategic databases and indicators that
can be readily available for policy making |
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A good practices inventory that compiles
examples and cases illustrating the good use of innovative
environmental approaches and strategies |
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A set of strategic policy options including
innovative/breakthrough instruments that can be available
for policy making |
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Priority strategy options will also be developed
in key areas, such as the following: |
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Promoting eco- markets and industry, such
as innovative financing for renewable energy development,
inter-boundary market for recycled materials, and improving
environmental performance of small and medium- sized enterprises |
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Developing innovative urban systems, such
as environmentally sustainable transport systems |
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Appropriately using community resources,
such as biomass energy, and community-based tourism |
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Networking stakeholders for action, such
as environmental education by NGOs, and local/indigenous
knowledge-based sustainable resource management |
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Promoting sustainable catchment management
based on an ecosystem approach |
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| 5. |
COORDINATION, IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING MECHANISM
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APEIS has a three- level mechanism for coordination,
implementation and monitoring. The supervisory bodies include
the ECO ASIA congress, the ECO ASIA Panel and the Research Coordination
Committee (RCC).
The ECO ASIA meeting of environmental ministers is the principal
audience of APEIS to receive reports of the scientific activities,
conduct policy discussions based on the outcomes, and also to
provide policy guidance to the activities.
As one of its functions, the ECO ASIA Panel, established under
ECO ASIA, reviews and endorses the overall project, and coordinates
the scientific activities with policy formulation. It consists
of senior environmental officials from Asia-Pacific countries,
and representative s from international organizations and projects
such as APEIS that have been endorsed by ECO ASIA.
The RCC was established to promote linkages and coordination
between the three sub-projects, and to develop a draft overall
research plan and summary reports to be reviewed by the ECO
ASIA Panel. It consists of representatives from the three sub-projects
of APEIS and from the APN. |
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| 6. |
CAPACITY BUILDING AND NETWORKING
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Capacity building is one of the highest-priority
activities in APEIS. The findings of APEIS activities will be
widely disseminated and shared among researchers, policy makers
and the public, to build the region's capacity for better-informed
decision making. Among other plans, a series of scientific capacity
building workshops at the sub-regional level will be organized
periodically on specific topics, such as integrated monitoring,
integrated assessment and policy options in collaboration with
the APN and other institutions.
Links will be sought between APEIS and other mutually supportive
initiatives at the international and regional levels. Such activities
include the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA), APN activities,
and a GEF project entitled "National Performance Assessment
and Subregional Strategic Environment Framework in the Greater
Mekong Subregion (GMS) (SEF II)." APEIS will also seek
a possibility of cooperation with relevant global/regional activities
such as "Atmospheric Blown Clouds - Asia" and UNEP/Global
Environment Outlook.
Notes on Networking |
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| (i) |
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An ecosystem assessment project in western
China -one of the regional components of the MA- is being
implemented as a joint activity of APEIS and the MA. Ecosystem
monitoring data produced by APEIS will be provided to
the MA. |
| (ii) |
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The APN is an intergovernmental network
to foster global environmental change research in the
Asia-Pacific region, and to enhance scientific capacity
- particularly in developing countries. As of July 2002,
21 countries are participating in the APN. |
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The project titled "National Performance
Assessment and Subregional Strategic Environment Framework
in GMS (SEF II)" has been launched by the Asian Development
Bank, in collaboration with UNEP, NIES, IGES and GMS countries,
making use of GEF funds. Modeling and case study outcomes
of APEIS will be provided to this project through NIES
and IGES. |
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| 7. |
INFORMATION SHARING AND OUTREACH
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APEIS puts a high priority on information sharing
and outreach in order to raise stakeholder awareness, as well
as to ensure transparency and accountability of the project.
A wide range of information will be made available to targeted
audiences, i.e. members of supervisory bodies and participating
research institutes, and other stakeholders, by means of Internet
websites, CD-ROMs and printed publications. As such, an APEIS
website has been developed and managed as a subset of the ECO
ASIA website. This website will also be used as a communication
tool among APEIS participants, the targeted audiences and the
public.
The types of information to be provided to the public include
documents on project design and implementation plans, reports
of findings (including technical papers), summaries of technical
papers and overall summaries. The detailed technical papers
are targeted at researchers, while their summaries are for policy
makers and the public. These reports will be produced annually
in the form of progress reports during the first phase and final
reports at the end of the first phase. In addition, meeting
documents and data collected and processed by the sub-projects
will be made available for members of the supervisory bodies
and participating research institutes.
Provision of ad hoc products for specific country needs, such
as natural disaster early warning data, may be considered taking
into account the needs of policy makers and capacities of APEIS
sub-project teams. |
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| 8. |
FUNDING |
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In FY2003 (April 2003 - March 2004), the Japan's
Ministry of the Environment will allocate 486 million yen (about
US$4.1 million) for APEIS activities. |
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| 9. |
TIMETABLE FOR THE FIRST PHASE |
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The timetable of APEIS during its first phase
is attached to this document. It presents timetables for each
activity as well as interactions among three sub-projects. For
example, IEM will produce data products for the model parameterization,
verification and simulation practices of IEA. IEA will provide
RISPO with model verification to assess and quantify the effects
and impacts of preliminary innovative and strategic policy options
that will be incorporated in the final policy options. |
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| 10. |
WORK PLAN FOR FY2003 |
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10.1 INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING (IEM)
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Expected Outcomes and Products |
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The expected outcomes and products of the
IEM sub-project in FY2003 include the following: |
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A network of satellite data-receiving
stations and a MODIS data analytical system |
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Besides three satellite data-receiving
stations of Terra-MODIS in Beijing, Urumqi
and Singapore (National University of Singapore),
one more station operated by Earth Observation
Center, CSIRO, Australia is expected to join
the network. |
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Two data-analyzing centers located
in IGSNRR and NIES, which store databases,
including satellite data (e.g. MODIS, LANDSAT,
ASTER, NOAA, TRMM), GIS data and measurements
of ground-truth ecological stations |
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APEIS-FLUX: A ground-truth observation
network for monitoring various ecosystems. |
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Five ground-truth monitoring
stations at Yucheng in Shandong Province,
Fukang in the Xinjiang Vigor Autonomous Region,
Taoyuan in Hunan Province, Haibei in Qinghai
Province and Qianyanzhou in Jiangxi Province,
China |
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A consistent, quality-assured
and documented dataset of long-term measurements
involving micrometeorological factors, eddy
covariance fluxes, vegetation characteristics,
and soil properties from a variety of ecosystems,
including grass lands (Haibei), dry fields
(Yucheng), paddy fields (Taoyuan), forests
(Qianyanzhou) and semi-arid land (Fukang) |
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A system of environmental indices
for the monitoring of environmental degradation
and disasters |
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Development of a data-analyzing
system to process high- level MODIS products,
by which some important ecologic al variables
will be produced |
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Development of new indices to
monitor the environmental degradation and
disasters |
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Development of an integrated model
to simulate water, heat and carbon cycles coupled
with terrestrial processes and plant productivity
at the regional and watershed scale |
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Research Plan |
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Development of a satellite database,
including MODIS, LANDSAT, ASTER, NOAA and TRMM.
To support the APIES research objectives, MODIS
satellite data will be processed through the following
steps: (1) receive daily MODIS data from the MODIS
instrument onboard NASA's EOS Terra satellite and
create an approach to provide rapid access to MODIS
data, (2) introduce NASA's data processing system
for developing the high- level MODLAND products,
(3) explore the possibility of regional standardization
of these high level products by using ground-truth
observations, and (4) design and demonstrate a basic
framework of regional information system which could
be used by decision makers. |
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Development of a ground-truth database,
to include GIS data and measurements from ground-truth
ecological stations. For this purpose, comprehensive
ground-based and in situ observations and a consistent,
quality-assured and documented database will be
developed. They will include measurements of water
vapor, energy exchange, and carbon dioxide from
a variety of ecosystems. |
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Development of a system of environmental
indices for monitoring environmental degradation
and disasters |
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Validation of high- level MODIS
products using APEIS-FLUX data, by which some
important ecological variables, such as surface
reflectance and temperature, Normalized Difference
Vegetation Index (NDVI), Leaf Area Index (LAI),
Fraction of Photosynthetic Active Radiation
(FPAR) and Net Primary Productivity (NPP). |
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Development of a scaling- up
methodology for the high- level MODIS products
validated at the APEIS-FLUX sites to regional
scale. |
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Development of new indices,
such as a Dust Storm Index (DSI), Water Deficit
Index (WDI), and Soil Moisture (SM), to monitor
the environmental degradation (e.g., deforestation,
desertification and urbanization), and disasters
(e.g., dust storms, air pollution, floods,
fires, and so on). |
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Development of an integrated model
to simulate water, heat and carbon cycles coupled
with terrestrial processes and plant productivity
at the regional and watershed scales |
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Estimation of NPP for grassland,
forest, dry field and paddy field using the
Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM). For this
purpose, the following will be required: (1)
construction of land cover maps and a LAI
map with MODIS data; (2) construction of a
soil map including organic matter, carbon
density, total nitrogen and texture; (3) parameterization
of the TEM by vegetation types; and (4) validation
of the model using the APEIS-FLUX data. |
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Estimation of crop productivity
by an adjusted DSSAT model that will couple
with certain parameters, such as LAI, FPAR
and canopy temperature, derived from MODIS
data. Following the calibration of DSSAT-wheat
in FY 2002 based on the field experimental
results for winter wheat in north part of
the North China Plain, DSSAT-corn and DSSAT-rice
models will be developed in FY 2003. |
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Development of an integrated
catchment-based water, heat and carbon cycle
model in China. |
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| (c) |
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Capacity Building Activities |
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The second APEIS Capacity Building Workshop
on Integrated Environmental
Monitoring of Asia-Pacific region will be held in October
2003 in Australia, in
collaboration with the APN. The objectives of the workshop
include capacity building on the development of integrated
monitoring systems as well as the exploration of monitoring
network expansion. It will be jointly organized by NIES,
CSIRO, IGSNRR and the National University of Singapore.
Experts from countries in the region that are not currently
participating in the IEM sub-project will also be invited
through the APN network to explore the possibility of
expanding the monitoring network.
Another important capacity building activity is to construct
a platform for researchers to conduct integrated studies
at ground-truth observation sites. There are now four
institutes in the Chinese Academy of Sciences that have
joined this project. These institutes include the Institute
of Geographical Science and Natural Resources, the Northwest
Plateau Institute of Biology, the Institute of Subtropical
Agriculture, and the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology &
Geography. |
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Collaboration with Other APEIS Sub-projects
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IEM will produce data products in the receiving
area of two stations for model parameterization, verification
and simulation practices of IEA after MODIS data calibration.
The parameters -such as albedo and LAI in 2002, with a
time resolution of 8 days or 16 days and a spatial resolution
of 1 km will be provided for other APEIS sub-projects. |
| (e) |
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Interactive Demonstration Activities with
Policy Makers |
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IEM will collaborate with the China Council
of International Cooperation on Environment and Development
(CCICED) Task Force on Integrated River Basin Management.
Interactive activities with the CCICED (a high- level
consultative body) may include the provision of strategic
information to and communication with the Council concerning
the environmental and sustainable development issues in
China. IEM will also seek interactive activities with
the State Environmental Protection Administration and
the Changjiang Water Resources Commission in China regarding
the sustainable management of catchment ecosystem in Changjiang
river basin, which will contribute to China MA as well. |
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10.2 INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
(IEA) |
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| (a) |
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Expected Outcomes and Products |
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The expected outcomes and products of the
IEA sub-project in FY2003 include the following: |
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| (i) |
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Provision of a set of integrated assessment
models (second version) as major tools of APEIS
for the assessment of innovative strategy options
in the Asia-Pacific region: |
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Extended version of AIM/Trend,
a reduced-form model to project future socio-economic
trends and environmental change for all 42
countries of the Asia-Pacific region, as well
as for other regions in order to compare their
trends and changes. |
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Full version of AIM/CGE, a general-equilibrium-type
world economic model with environmental modules
for regional use |
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Full version of AIM/Material,
a environment-economy integrated model with
material balance and recycling process modules
for India and China |
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Full version of AIM/Energy,
a bottom- up technology selection model of
energy use for the extended countries of the
region |
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Preliminary version of AIM/Ecosystem,
an integrated model of socio-economic activities
with ecosystem changes, including vegetation,
agriculture, land, water and health for selected
countries of the region, as well as for the
world. |
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Full version of AIM/Water, an
integrated model of water discharge, water
supply, demand, and water pollution for selected
river basins and cities of the region |
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Provision of the full version of the
strategic database and indicators focusing on environmental
efficiency for APEIS use for the Asia-Pacific region |
| (iii) |
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Provision of full projections of environmental
trends as well as full assessments of innovation
needs and innovation options focusing on the selected
countries in the region based on the above models
and database |
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| (b) |
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Research Plan |
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An Asian joint team, consisting of research
institutes from China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia and
Thailand, will collaboratively promote IEA, based on a
set of well-known computer simulation models for the region,
collectively known as AIM (Asia-Pacific Integrated Model),
which have been created over the last ten years for climate
change and mitigation analyses. |
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| (i) |
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Development of the fundamental structure
of six models based on the AIM family of models
- AIM/Trend, AIM/CGE, AIM/Material, AIM/Energy,
AIM/Ecosystem, and AIM/Water. |
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AIM/Trend is a multi- regional
model with a simple structure that can project
the conditions of the economy, energy and
the environment for the target year 2032.
It will be applied to the assessment of future
trends in the economy and environment, and
their mutual interactions, of all 42 countries
in the Asia-Pacific region. |
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The AIM/CGE model is a multi-regional,
multi-sectoral, computable general equilibrium
(CGE) model. It will be used to assess the
environmental and economic effects of new
market establishment, new investment, technology
transfer, and international trade. |
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AIM/Material is a country-based
CGE model dealing with environmental investment
and environmental industry. In order to support
AIM/Material, a bottom- up technology model
will be constructed. The main feature of AIM/Material
is in the integration between monetary and
material balances, including waste recycling. |
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AIM/Energy is a country- level
bottom-up model that reproduces the technology
selection process for energy supply and demand.
Four hundred technologies listed in the model
will help to determine the best mix of technologies,
while considering future socio-economic trends.
This model has already been applied to Japan,
China, India and Korea, and there are now
plans to apply it to the ASEAN countries. |
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AIM/Ecosystem is a set of computer
models that simulate vegetation dynamics,
water discharge, agricultural productivity,
natural processes of ecosystem change, land
use change, and socio-economic change (such
as health and economic impacts) caused by
ecosystem change. These models are linked
to an economic model for integrated assessments
of total ecosystem change. AIM/Ecosystem will
be integrated at each country level, as well
as global level, for APEIS and the MA use. |
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AIM/Water is one of the AIM/Ecosystem
components. It reproduces the processes of
water discharge, water demand, water supply
and water pollution. AIM/Water will have a
specific component of city-environment interactions
to assess in greater detail the effects of
innovation strategies for large Asian cities. |
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| (ii) |
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Integration and application of these
models to preliminary projections of future trends
of socio-economic activities and environmental change
to clarify the tradeoffs between economic growth
and the environment in the Asia-Pacific region.
These models will also be applied to the preliminary
assessment of strategy options to make breakthroughs
with these tradeoffs - innovations such as the establishment
of new environmental markets, development of new
environmental technologies, new approaches to national
land conservation strategies, establishment of new
environmental infrastructure, and new arrangements
for international cooperation. |
| (iii) |
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Development of the strategic database
in order to integrate regional statistics and strategy
option data with input assumptions, simulation outputs,
and policy evaluation indices. The strategic database
will be comprised of the fundamental database, the
index base, and the strategy option base with the
module to estimate their effects, which will be
systematically linked to each other in order to
support the processes of policy making relating
to sustainable development. The input-output interface
of the database will be developed for direct use
by policy makers. |
|
| (c) |
|
Capacity Building Activities |
|
|
In the process of model development and
application, a capacity building program will be introduced
by the IEA sub-project in the following three ways: |
|
|
| * |
|
By transferring models with detailed
manuals to Asian experts, and responding to requests
for consultation on the model applications |
| * |
|
By holding a training workshop on
model application and simulation operation. The
second training workshop is planned for Beijing
or Bangkok |
| * |
|
By inviting experts to NIES to participate
in the model development process |
|
| (d) |
|
Collaboration with Other APEIS Sub-projects
|
|
|
IEA will give priority to preparation of
monitoring data/indicators for IEM and policy option items
for RISPO. Monitoring data/indicators supplied by IEM
will be used in IEA modeling and simulation processes,
and some of the Strategic Policy Options proposed by RISPO
will be analyzed quantitatively by IEA to estimate the
environmental and socio-economic consequences of the Strategic
Policy Options. IEA strategic database can provide an
information platform for overall APEIS activities. |
| (e) |
|
Interactive Demonstration Activities with
Policy Makers |
|
|
IEA plans to implement, with the participation
of Asia-Pacific policy makers, demonstrations of interactive
use of the preliminary version of the strategic database
to encourage effective communication with them, as well
as to make the design of the database more user friendly.
The demonstrations will be performed using the occasion
of ECO ASIA Panel and/or other opportunities. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.3 RESEARCH ON INNOVATIVE AND STRATEGIC POLICY
OPTIONS (RISPO) |
|
| (a) |
|
Expected Outcomes and Products |
|
|
The expected outcomes and products of the
RISPO sub-project in FY2003 include the following: |
|
|
| (i) |
|
Continuing collection of good practices
based on literature and local information in the
following categories of innovation. |
|
|
| Category
of Innovation |
Examples
of good practices |
| Promoting
Eco-Markets and Industry |
Innovative
financing for renewable energy development |
| Creation
of inter-boundary market for recycled
materials |
| Improving
environmental performance of small and
medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) |
| Developing
Innovative Urban Systems |
Development
of environmentally sustainable transport
systems in urban areas |
| Appropriately
Using Community Resources |
Promotion
of biomass energy |
| Facilitating
community-based tourism in protected
areas |
| Networking
Stakeholders for Action |
Promoting
environmental education by NGOs |
| Promoting
local/indigenous knowledge-based sustainable
resource management |
|
|
| (ii) |
|
Conducting field-based case studies
for the sound analysis of identified good/unsuccessful
practices. |
| (iii) |
|
Provid ing the preliminary proposal
of the Good Practices Inventory and Strategic Policy
Options. |
| (iv) |
|
Examining the possibility of pilot
projects. |
|
| (b) |
|
Research Plan |
| |
|
The preliminary proposal of the Good Practices
Inventory and Strategic Policy Options are developed in
the following steps: |
| |
|
| * |
|
Identification of good practices will
continue by the research teams from IGES and partner
research institutes according to the developed guidelines
and criteria using literature reviews, data collection
from local and other sources, and data collection
from other existing projects such as GEF projects. |
| * |
|
Case reviews of identified good practices
will be compiled based on the analysis of impacts,
lessons learned, potential for application, and
critical instruments with a focus on regulatory
instruments, economic instruments, institutional
arrangements, partnerships, self-regulation, technologies,
awareness/capacity building, and design, planning
and management, etc. |
| * |
|
Good Practices Inventory, a searchable
database of good practice cases, will be developed
and will be published through the RISPO website.
The Inventory will be improved by receiving feedback
from policy makers and other stakeholders. |
| * |
|
Conducting field surveys at selected
sites for the sound analysis of good/unsuccessful
practices. Field surveys planned to be conducted
from FY2003 include the following: |
| |
|
| > |
|
Field survey on financing for
renewable energy development in China and
India. In China, field surveys in the two
cities of Yinchuan (Ningxia Hui Autonomous
Region) and Xilinhaote (Inner Mongolia region)
on government and international funding mechanisms
(including CDM) for solar PV, Wind or PV/Wind
hybrid systems. In India, field surveys in
the state of Maharashtra on private sector
financ ing of the grid-connected wind power,
and in the state of Rajasthan on micro-financing
of off- grid solar power. |
| > |
|
Field survey on improving environmental
performance of SMEs in India and Thailand
with the main focus on examining the feasibility
and applicability of identified Strategic
Policy Options in a region. For instance,
"Gearing up the operations of industry/business
associations (IAs)" is one of the identified
options. Also interviews using questionnaires
will be conducted to respond to the research
question of "to what extent IAs are able
to act as the catalysis for improving environmental
performance of SMEs." |
| > |
|
Field survey on local/indigenous
knowledge (LINK)-based sustainable resource
management in Bangladesh, China, India, Japan,
Thailand, and Vietnam. Various types of LINK-based
practice in local activities such as forestry
and agriculture, will be explored. Social
and economic circumstances that promote (or
hinder) such sustainable practices will be
explored through interviewing and questionnaire
surveys targeting local people, local agencies,
and local business industries. For example,
a field survey on LINK-based re-vegetation
practices in limestone mountainous areas of
Vietnam will be conducted. |
| |
|
Field survey on urban transportation
systems in China and Thailand. One large city
and one medium-sized city have been selected
for each country for the survey. For example,
field surveys will be conducted in Taiyuan
and Beijing in China in collaboration with
Energy Research Institute. Interviews using
the framework of the scenario analysis will
be conducted. |
| |
|
Other field sites will be described
in the final document if necessary |
|
| * |
|
Strategic Policy Options will be proposed
based on the analysis of Good Practices Inventory
and results of the field surveys. |
| * |
|
Some of the proposals of Strategic
Policy Options with higher priority will be further
examined and the possibility of pilot projects will
be examined to demonstrate their effects, feasibility
and applicability. |
|
| (c) |
|
Capacity Building Activities |
|
|
RISPO capacity development activities in
the first phase are primarily focusing on enhancing the
leadership of high impact national and local policy- makers
to realize sustainable development. The objectives include: |
| |
|
| (i) |
|
To disseminate its research outcomes
(Strategic Policy Options and Good Practices Inventory)
with appropriate learning programs and materials,
such as internet-based courses, stand-alone CD-ROMs,
and face-to- face workshops, and their combinations,
etc. These programs and materials will be developed
mainly for policy- makers in the region. However,
they will be distributed to wider audiences. |
| (ii) |
|
To enhance the problem-solving capacity
of RISPO participants, including researchers and
other stakeholders, through collaboratively addressing
issues, holding workshops, as well as developing
learning programs and materials. |
|
| |
|
Thus, an effective dissemination and utilization
strategy of the Strategic Policy Options and Good Practices
Inventory will be examined during FY 2003 with focus on
promoting active involvement of researchers, policy- makers,
and other stakeholders in their preparation. Further activities
mentioned in item (i) will be activated in FY2004 based
on the preliminary proposals of Strategic Policy Options
and Good Practices Inventory scheduled to be delivered
by March 2004. |
| (d) |
|
Collaboration with Other APEIS Sub-projects
|
|
|
In the process of developing Strategic Policy
Options, quantifiable indicators in RISPO field-based
research will be shared with IEA. Some attempts to develop
such quantifiable indicators interchangeable between RISPO
and IEA are in progress in such research areas as biomass
energy use and environmentally sustainable transportation.
By sharing data between RISPO and IEA, each of the projects
looks for obtaining the following collaborative outcomes: |
|
|
| (i) |
|
Some of the Strategic Policy Options
proposed by RISPO can be analyzed by IEA models.
Environmental and socio-economic changes as the
consequences of implementing certain policies will
be estimated by models provided by IEA. |
| (ii) |
|
IEA can be also benefited by receiving
RISPO's field-based research findings, such as detailed
types and distribution of technological instruments
in local settings. IEA models can be enhanced by
incorporating such local specific data. |
|
|
|
It is also expected to explore the possibility
of systematic link between RISPO Good Practices Inventory
and IEA Strategic Database. For the details of linkage
between two databases, RISPO and IEA continue discussion. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
