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| Masayuki SAGISAKA, (Atsushi INABA) | |
| Head, Energy Analysis Division, Energy Resources Department, | |
| National Institute for Resources and Environment, Japan | |
| Agency of Industrial Science and Technology | |
| Ministry of International Trade and Industry | |
| 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan | |
| Tel: +81-298-61-8430 Fax: +81-298-61-8430 | |
| E-mail: sagisaka@nire.go.jp |
11,491,000 Yen
(FY 1999; 3,787,000 Yen)
CO2 emissions during the life cycle of a 200 kW type fuel cell power generation system were investigated. It was estimated that the total CO2 emissions during the life cycle of fuel cell system were 2.56x107kg-CO2. CO2 emissions caused by the construction of facility were 4.86x 104kg-CO2, 20% of which was attributable to electrodes and 10% of which was attributable to converter including catalysts. CO2 emissions during the operation of fuel cell system dominated the total CO2 emissions, which was up to 99.6% of the total CO2 emissions. It was calculated that the CO2 emission per kWh was 0.554 kg-CO2/kWh, where the lifetime of the system was assumed to be 30 years. A preliminary investigation has been also carried out to develop life cycle inventories for solar heat systems to supply hot water in urban area. It was estimated that the energy pay back time (EPT) of solar heat systems was less than 4 years.
The reduction possibility of energy consumption, CO2 emission and the costs in the area within a 2-km radius from the Shinagawa station was estimated. In this case study, it was assumed that new energy system like solar PV and solar hot-water supply system for a residence and district energy supply using co-generation system and unused energy source utilisation system (waste heat by waste-power generation and sewage) was equipped on the area. The calculation result shows that there is a possibility to reduce 10% of CO2 emission in this area accompanying cost reduction.
Urban, Solar Energy, Fuel Cell, LCA, Cost