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B-51 Studies on the Evaluation of Estimation of Anthropogenic Sources and Sinks of Greenhouse Gases
B-51.1.6(formerB-51.2)Estimation of Carbon Dioxide Fixation by Forestry Biomass and Biomass Energy

[Contact Person]

Tomoko Ogi. Head of Biomass Div., Global warming control Dep.,
National Institute for Resources and Environment MITI
Onogawa 16-3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569 Japan
Tel;+81-298-58-8181 Fax;+81-298-58-8158

Total Budget for FY 1996-1998,

16,093,000 yen (FY 1998, 8,000,000 yen)

Abstract

Potentials of land area available for energy plantation and biomass supply in the world were estimated. Also biomass-to-energy conversion processes was evaluated and reduction amounts of CO2 through these processes and then total system was estimated.
The land area available for biomass plantation was estimated to be 1677 Mha, and the amount of the supply of biomass energy was 495EJ/y at medium biomass productivity (considering no land-use competition with food supply). When taking into consideration of competition with food supply, reduction of the biomass energy supply was under 15-20% of that with no competition except the case of high nutrient intake-low cereal productivity.
Reductions in CO2 emission through four biomass energy conversion processes;combustion, gasification, pyrolysis and fermentation; were O.14-0.53, O.21-0.66, 0.28, and O.19-0.34 t-C/t- biomass, respectively. The gasification process was the most effective. Total amount of CO2 reduction in global scale through these biomass energy conversion processes were 0.8-14.1 Gt-C/y, which showed reduction of CO2 proposed by COP3 (Kyoto protocol)can be attained . Among biomass power generation system, contribution by plantation was the largest(800/0 of total emission)
These results obtained suggest forestry biomass and biomass energy can largely contribute to energy supply and mitigation of CO2.

[Key words]

Forestry biomass, Biomass energy plantation, Land use, Biomass-to-energy conversion, CO2 mitigation