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[B-16 Studies on Development and Evaluation of the Technology for Reducing CH₄ and N₂O Emissions to Prevent Global Warming]

[B-16.1 Studies on Development of Reduction Techniques for Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Agricultural Fields]

[B-16.1.2 Development of Techniques for the Reduction of Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Nitrogen Fertilized Upland Soils]

[EF Fellow(1996)]
lain McTaggart
Scottish Agricultural College, West Mains Road,
Edinburgh EH9 3JG, Scotland
Tel:+44-131-535-4181, Fax:+44-131-667-2601
E-mail:i.mctaggart@ed.sac.ac.uk

[EF Fellow(1997)]
Chhemendra Sharma
Chemistry Division, National Physical Laboratory
Dr K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110 012 India
Tel:+91-11-5787801, Fax:+91-11-5752678
E-mail:csharma@csnpl.ren.nic.in

[Contact Person]

Haruo Tsuruta
National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences,
Kan-nondai 3-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan
Tel:0298-38-8276, Fax:0298-38-8199
E-mail:tsuruta@niaes.affrc.go.jp

[Total Budget for FY1995-FY1997]

4,000,000 Yen (FY1997;2,000,000 Yen)

[Abstract]

1. A laboratory experiment was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of altering the form of applied fertilizer nitrogen and/or the use of controlled-release fertilizers in reducing emissions of nitrous oxide (N₂O) from an upland Japanese soil incubated in the laboratory for 50 days at 25 ℃. Nitrification appeared to be the main source of N₂O with much greater emissions from ammonium sulphate (AS) than from calcium nitrate (CN). Applying ammonium sulphate or ammonium phosphate in the form of controlled release fertilizers (S-AS and S-AP) reduced emissions in the 40% and 85% wfps treatments compared with normal AS, but at 55% wfps there was no difference while at 70% only the S-AS treatment was significantly lower. The results demonstrate that, at least under conditions similarly conducive to nitrification, the selective use of nitrate fertilizer, especially in a controlled release form can greatly reduce potential emissions of N₂O from agricultural soil.
2. A field experiment on N_{2O and NO emission was performed in agricultural plots where Hakusai was cultivated, applying organic fertilizer (swine manure) and chemical fertilizer (ammonium phosphate) in two different ways, i.e. by broadcasting and band application. The measurements were carried out from the day prior to fertilizer application until one month after harvest. A number of soil parameters like pH, soil moisture, soil temperature, soil ammonium and soil nitrate have also been measured. The experiment resulted in significantly reduced NO emissions in both band applied organic and chemical fertilizer plots. The N2O emissions also seemed to be retarded in band applied chemical fertilizer plot compared to the broadcast applied chemical fertilizer plots. However, in organic fertilizer plots, N2O emission was higher in band applied organic fertilizer plot than in that of broadcast applied organic fertilizer plot. The soil moisture also seems to have affected the N2O and NO emissions.}

[Key Words]

nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, application method of fertilizer,
controlled-release fertilizer, reduction of emission