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[B-5.4.1 Evaluation of the Feedback Process of the Atmosphere-Land Surface Process]

[Contact Person]

Itsushi Uno
Atmospheric Environment Division
National Institute for Environmental Studies
16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba 305 Japan
Phone:+81-298-50-2414, Fax:+81-298-51-4732
internet:iuno@nies.go.jp

[Total Budget for FY1994-1996]

11,719,000 Yen (FY1996 3,890,000 Yen)

[Abstract]

　The sensitivity of the land-atmosphere water cycle to the runoff process was investigated through numerical experiments with an AGCM. The magnitude of the difference in ground wetness, evaporation, runoff, or precipitation due to the different runoff treatments was found as much as ten or twenty percent. Based on this fact, the treatment of runoff in climate model was carefully developed. It was also found that the transition from the dry to rainy seasons and in the snowmelt season in high latitudes is particularly important, because the difference in responses of runoff schemes and following feedback effects can be large.
　The land-atmosphere interaction was examined with a regional atmospheric model with a cloud-resolving resolution, focusing especially on the interaction between the cumulus convection and the land surface. This study suggests the importance of soil moisture distribution in the interaction between the cumulus convection and the land surface. It is also noticed that thermally induced local circulation accompanying the strong soil moisture contrast affects the initiation of cumulus convections significantly; the resulting interaction is qualitatively different from that without the soil moisture contrast.

[Key Words]

General Circulation Model, atmosphere-land hydrological cycle, run-off process, river basin hydrological cycle