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 (452Kb)
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21,342,000 Yen (FY1996 7,231,000 Yen)
An atmospheric general circulation model and a ocean general circulation model have been developed and improved to reproduce the climatology of the real atmosphere. The accuracy of reproduction of the atmospheric general circulation model was increased by improving parameterizations of physical processes, such as radiative transfer, clouds, and land surface, based on physical considerations. Long-term integration of the model indicated that it has sufficient ability to reproduce climatology. Moreover, the model showed good reproducibility even for the stratosphere when the calculated upper boundary was extended to the lower mesosphere. The ocean general circulation model was made efficient by improving the program code. Various kinds of numerical experiments were carried out with the model. These showed that the model reproduces the climate of the ocean well. The inclusion of some parameterizations of physical processes with a sub-grid scale is necessary to get quantitatively better reproducibility. The atmospheric general circulation model and the ocean general circulation model were coupled by sophisticated means: Long-term integration with a coupled model has become available. A study on global material transport in the atmospheric circulation, which is obtained by integration of the atmospheric general circulation model, was also started. Results of the study showed that there are latitudinal bands in both of the mid-latitudes, where the meridional material transport is less active than that in other latitudes.
climate model, general circulation, ocean general circulation, hydrological cycle, land-surface process, parameterization, couple of atmosphere and ocean, material transport