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[E-2.1 Diversity of Wildlife Species in the Tropical Forest Ecosystem]

[Contact Person]

Naoki Kachi
Head, Natural Vegetation Conservation Team
Global Environment Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies
Environment Agency
16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 Japan
Phone +81-298-51-6111(Ext.347), Fax +81-298-51-4732
E-mail kachi@nies.go.jp

[Total Budget for FY1990-1992]

41,406,000 Yen

[Abstract]

　Post dispersal survival of Dryobalanops aromatica (Dipterocarpaceae, Malay name: kapur) was monitored in a ca. 60-year old kapur plantation and a mixed species (non-kapur) plantation at Kepong, Peninsular Malaysia. Ninety percent of Kapur seeds were predated by insects. One of the most important insects which attack Kapur seeds was a weevil belong to the genus Alcidodes. In both plantations, seeds and cotyledon-stage seedlings were predated by vertebrates such as rodents and wild pigs and less than 1% of the seeds survived to four-leaf stage seedlings. After reaching the four-leaf stage, the survival rate was increased due to reducing predation. Six-leaf stage seedlings showed very low mortality to make a sapling bank under the canopy. There were no practical differences in survivorship of Kapur seeds and seedlings between the two plantations. In the kapur plantation, natural regeneration can be expected, when sufficient seed supply in mast years compensates for the high mortality during the seed and seedling stage. On the other hand, seedling mortality of Pentaspadon motleyi (Pelong) at Pasoh forest reserve was not affected by the distance from nearest adult tree nor the density of seedlings, but related to the light environment of the habitat.

[Key Words]

Biological diversity, Buried seeds, Herbivory, invertebrate community, Plant-animal interaction, Seed bank, Seedling establishment