contents
PartOne Renewal of Urban Ecosystem's Circulation
Chapter1. Perspective for Analysis of Urban Environment Man-Versus-Environment System in Cities
(1) Environmental-Policy Tasks in Cities
(2) Grasping of Urban Environment as System
chapter 2. Man in the Cities-Environment with Attention Focused on Environmental System
1. Water Circulation and Pollution in the Cities
(1) Changes in Water Circulation and Impacts
(2) Urbanization and Ongoing Water Pollution
(1) Urban Energy Consumption and Urban Environment
3. Movement of People and Goods and Automobile Traffic in the Cities
(1) Automobile Traffic and Nitrogen Oxides
(2) Actual State of Urban Traffic
4. Circulation of Matter and Refuse in the Cities
5. Open Space in the Cities and Enviroment for Living Things
Chapter3. Attempts to Regenerate Circulation of Ecosystem in the Cities
1. Attempts from Urban Systems
(2) Systems for Regeneration of Water Circulation
(3) Systems for Efficient Utilization of Energy
(4) Measures for Conservation and Creation of Nature in the Cities
2. New Lifestyle and Movement for Environmental Conservation
(1) Activities for Environmental Conservation Based on Ideas Gained in Everyday Life
(2) Activities for Conservation and Regeneration of Global Environmental Resources
Chapter4. Policy Evolution in Regenerating Circulation of Ecosystem in the Cities
2. Formation of Ecosystem Conservation Type of Urban System
(1) Development of Ecosystem Conservation Type
(2) Improvements in Transport Systems
(3) Recycling of Resources, Legitimate Disposal and Control of Polluted Sites Abandoned
(1) Citizens' Everyday Lives and Urban Environment
(2) Promotion of Environmental Education and Environmental-Conservation Activities
4. Aiming at Formation of 'Ecopolis--Cities With Coexistence of Man and the Environment'
- Aiming at Cities with Coexistence of Man and the Environment -
PartTwo Present State of Environmental Problems and Countermearures
Chapter1. Comprehensive Promotion of Environmental Administration
Section1. Outline of Budget and Others for Preservation of the Environment
1. Outline of Budget and Financial Investment & Financing
2. Budget for Preservation of the Environment
3. FinancialInvestment and Financing
4. Financial Aid, Special Taxation Measure, etc. for Enhancing Environmental Pollution Prevention
Section2. Promotion of Environmental Impact Assessment
Section3. Promotion of Environmental Conservation Based on Local Characteristics
Section4. Promotion of Regional Pollution Control Programs
1. Overview of Regional Pollution Control Programs
2. Establishment of Environmental pollution Control Programs for Phase-1 and -4 Areas
Section5. Promotion of Measures for Environmental Conservation concerning High Technology
Section6. Measures for the Safety of Chemicals
1. Promotion of Measures Concerning the Safety of Chemicals
2. Results of Environmental Survey of Chemical Substances
3. Results of Environmental Monitoring on Chemical Substances
4. Summary of Environmental Surveys of Unintentionally Produced Chemical Substances
Section7. Environmental Conservation Measures in Land Use
Section8. Public Relations and Environmental Education Chapter2. Air Pollution, Noise, Vibration, and Offenslve Odors Section1. Present State of Air Pollution Section2. Countermeasures for Air Pollution 3. Measures for Suspended Particulate Matter 4. Photochemical Air Pollution Section 3. Improvement of Monitoring Network Section 4. Traffic-Related Pollution : Present Status and Solutions Section1. Present State and Causes of Water Pollution Section2. Damage Caused by Water Pollution Section3. Water Pollution Control Measures 1. Establishment of Environmental Quality Standards 2. Strengthening of Effluent Control 3. Measures for Household Effluent 5. Improvement of Monitoring Network 6. Measures for Water Purification 7. Water Pollution Control Measures for Agriculture and Fisheries Section4. Promotion of Measures for Conserving Water Quality in Closed Water Areas 1. Implementation of Areawide Total Pollutant Load Control 2. Countermeasures for Eutrophication 3. Environmental Conservation Efforts for Lakes and Reservoirs 4. Measures for Environmental Conservation in the Seto Inland Sea Section5. Groundwater Pollution and Corrective Measures Chapter4. Other Pollution and Corrective Measures Section4. Pollution by Agricultural Chemicals Chapter5. Promotion of Environmental Health Policy Section1. Compensation for Pollution-Related Health Damage and Prevention 1. Overview of Pollution-Related Health Damage Compensation and Prevention System Section2. Health Survey and Research on Cadmium Pollution 1. Survey and Research on the Health Impact of Air Pollution 2. Survey and Research on the Health Impact of Cadmium, etc. Chapter6. Present State of the Natural Environment and Natural Environment Conservation Measures Section1. Overall Promotion of Natural Environment Conservation Measures 1. Basic Survey for Conservation of the Natural Environment 2. Designation of Conservation Areas 3. Execution of Survey of the Designated Area for Conservation of Natural Environment Section2. Health Survey and Research on Cadmium Pollution 1. Survey and Research on the Health Impact of Air Pollution 2. Survey and Research on the Health Impact of Cadmium, etc. Chapter6. Present State of the Natural Environment and Natural Environment Conservation Measures Section1. Overall Promotion of Natural Environment Conservation Measures 1. Basic Survey for Conservation of the Natural Environment 2. Designation of Conservation Areas 3. Execution of Survey of the Designated Area for Conservation of Natural Environment Section2. Environmental Conservation in Natural Parks 1. Designation of Natural Parks and Review of Park Schemes 2. Nature Conservation in Natural Parks 3. Public Procurement of Private Land for Nature Conservation Section4. Conservation of Natural Environment in Urban Areas 1. Nature Conservation in Urban Areas 2. Conservation of Cultural Properties and Historical Environment Section5. Sound Utilization of the Natural Environment Section6. Promotion of Afforestation Chapter7. Environmental Research Section1. Promotion of Research by the National Institute for Environmental Studies Section2. Promotion of Environmental Research
Chapter8. romotion of International Cooperation Section1. Approach to Global Environmental Problems Section2. Multilateral Cooperation 1. World Commission on Environment and Development 2. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Section3. Bilateral Cooperation Section4. Technical Cooperation with Developing Countries
Appendix1. Organization and Functions of the Environment Agency
2. Administrative Responsibilities
4. Administrative Responsibilities of the Bureaus
Appendix 2. National Standards
1. Ambient Air Quality Standards
2. Environmental Quality Standards for Noise
(1) Environmental Quality Standards for Noise (including road-side areas)(May 25, 1971)
(2) Environmental Quality Standards for Aircraft Noise (Dec. 27, 1973)
(3)Environmental Quality Standards for Shinkansen Superexpress Railway Noise (July 29, 1975)
3. EnvironmentalWater Quality Standards (Dec. 28, 1971, Amendments 1974, 1975, 1982, 1985)
(1) Standards related to the Protection of Human Health
(2)Standards related to the Coservation of the Living Environment
4. National Emission Standards
(2) Soot and Dust (Latest amendment, May 1982)
(3) Harmful Substances (June 22, 1971)
(4) Nitrogen Oxides (as of Sept. 1983) (Abstract)
(6) Offensive Odor Substances (Latest revision, September 1976)
5. National Effluent Standards (June 21, 1971; Amendments 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1981, 1985, 1986)