Water / Soil / Ground Environment
State of Japan’s Environment at a Glance:
Japanese Lake Environment (1996)
Japanese Lakes
Surface Area
(1995 Science Yearbook) |
km2 |
| Biwa Lake | 670.5 |
| Kasumigaura Lake | 167.6 |
| Saroma Lake | 150.4 |
| Inawashiro Lake | 103.3 |
| Nakanoumi Lake | 86.8 |
| Kussharo | 79.4 |
| Shinji Lake | 79.2 |
| Shikotsu Lake | 78.4 |
| Toya Lake | 70.7 |
| Hamana Lake | 65.0 |
Caspian Sea
(The largest salt lake in the world,
Russia and
three other countries) | 371,000 |
Lake Superior
(The largest fresh water lake in the world,
Canada/USA) | 82,367 |
|
Maximum Depth
(1995 Science Yearbook) |
m |
| Tazawa Lake | 423.4 |
| Shikotsu Lake | 360.1 |
| Towada Lake | 326.8 |
| Ikeda Lake | 233.0 |
| Mashu Lake | 211.4 |
| Toya Lake | 179.7 |
| Chuzenji Lake | 163.0 |
| Kuttara Lake | 148.0 |
| Ozero Baykal (Russia) | 1,741 |
Lake Tanganyika
(Tanzania and three other countries) | 1,470 |
|
|
Water Volume |
| Natural Lakes | hundred
million m3 | |
Reservoirs | hundred
million m3 |
|---|
| Biwa Lake | 275.0 |
Okutadami Reservoir | 6.0 |
| Shikotsu Lake | 209.0 |
Tagokura Reservoir | 4.9 |
| Toya Lake | 81.9 |
Miboro Reservoir | 3.7 |
| Towada Lake | 41.9 |
Kuzuryu Reservoir | 3.5 |
| Inawashiro Lake | 38.6 |
Ikehara Reservoir | 3.4 |
| Kasumigaura Lake | 8.0 |
Sakuma Reservoir | 3.3 |
| Shinji Lake | 3.7 |
Sagami Reservoir | 0.6 |
| Ozero Baykal (Russia) | 230,000 |
Owen Falls Reservoir (Uganda) | 2,040 |
| |
Aswan High Dam Reservoir (Egypt/Sudan) | 1,690 |
|
Water Transparency
(Lake Environment in Japan, II) |
m |
| Mashu Lake | 28.0 |
| Kuttara Lake | 22.0 |
| Aka-numa Lake | 18.2 |
| Shikotsu Lake | 18.0 |
| Panke Lake | 14.0 |
| Onuma-ike Lake | 13.5 |
| Suga-numa Lake | 13.2 |
| Usoriyama Lake | 13.0 |
| Penke Lake | 11.3 |
| Motosu Lake | 11.2 |
| Rokkannon-miike Lake | 11.1 |
| Ozero Baykal (Russia,1911) | 40.5 |
Lakes with a high level of transparency are often oligotrophic or acidotrophic lakes
formed by natural damming or volcanic activities. |
|
| Water Retention Time |
| Natural Lakes | years | |
Reservoirs | years |
|---|
| Shikotsu Lake | 51.2 |
Okutama Reservoir | 0.68 |
| Akan Lake | 25.9 |
Kamafusa Reservoir | 0.18 |
| Towada Lake | 8.5 |
Kojima Reservoir | 0.07 |
| Biwa Lake | 5.5 |
Sagami Reservoir | 0.05 |
| Inawashiro Lake | 3.8 |
| |
| Kasumigaura Lake | 0.55 |
| |
| Shinji Lake | 0.25 |
| |
| Tega-numa Lake | 0.08 |
| |
| Lago Titicaca (Peru/Bolivia) | 1343 |
| |
| The average retention time for the world's lakes has been calculated as 1.2 years (retention time of reservoirs is generally shorter). |
|
[Origin of Lake]
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